55 terms
Fiscalization glossary
The terms you meet when you open a cash register, issue a receipt or invoice a company, each explained in one sentence. The Serbian terms are kept as you will hear them from your accountant and the Tax Administration. Not sure whether you need a cash register at all? Check the fiscalization guide.
A
- Ambalaža i eko taksaPackaging and eco fees
- Packaging and electronic equipment (WEEE) fees are levies a taxpayer pays when putting packaging or EE devices on the market; they are part of the purchase price.
- Avansni račun
- An advance invoice is a fiscal receipt issued when the buyer pays in advance, before the goods are delivered or the service is provided.
B
- B2B i B2C
- B2B is a company selling to another company, and B2C a company selling to a private individual; this decides whether you issue a fiscal receipt, an invoice or an e-invoice.
- Bezbednosni elementSecurity element
- The security element is the digital certificate or smart card the Tax Administration issues to a taxpayer for business premises, so they can fiscalize receipts.
Č
- Član 6 stav 4Article 6 paragraph 4
- Article 6 paragraph 4 of the Law on Fiscalization requires any taxpayer who works through V-PFR to have at least one L-PFR in every business premises.
D
- Delimična refundacijaPartial refund
- A partial refund is a fiscal receipt that returns part of an amount from an earlier receipt, only for selected items, referring to the original receipt's number.
E
- E-faktura
- An e-invoice is an invoice in electronic form, issued, sent and received through the System of electronic invoices (SEF) instead of on paper or as a PDF.
- E-otpremnica
- An e-dispatch note is a delivery note in electronic form: a document that accompanies goods from seller to buyer and is recorded electronically, not on paper.
- ESDCElectronic Signing Data Compendium
- ESDC is the Tax Administration's technical specification describing how a cash register exchanges messages with a fiscal receipts processor and how a receipt is signed.
- ESIRElectronic system for issuing receipts
- ESIR is the electronic system for issuing receipts: the software a seller uses to issue fiscal receipts, and which the Tax Administration must approve.
F
- Fiskalni račun
- A fiscal receipt is a receipt issued through an electronic fiscal device, signed by the processor and recorded with the Tax Administration.
G
- GTIN i barkodGTIN and barcode
- The GTIN is a global item number that uniquely identifies a product, and a barcode (EAN-13) is its form suitable for scanner reading at the register.
I
- Individualna evidencija PDVIndividual VAT record
- The individual VAT record is the register of VAT charged on turnover to non-VAT payers, kept in SEF and submitted with the VAT return every period.
- IPS QR
- IPS QR is a QR code for instant payment under the National Bank of Serbia standard: the buyer scans it in their bank app and pays without retyping details.
- Izuzete delatnosti
- Exempt activities are activities for which the Regulation states that retail turnover is not recorded through an electronic fiscal device.
J
- JBKJSUnique number of public funds users
- JBKJS is the unique number of public funds users that identifies budget-funded bodies and public enterprises, required alongside the PIB on e-invoices to them.
K
- KalkulacijaGoods receipt calculation
- A goods receipt calculation is the retail document that turns the purchase price, dependent costs and markup into the retail price and books goods into stock.
- Kopija računa
- A receipt copy is a fiscal document marked KOPIJA that repeats an already issued receipt and does not represent a new sale.
- KPO knjigaLedger of turnover achieved
- The KPO ledger is the record of turnover kept by flat-rate taxpayers, in which a paušalac enters income from selling products and services.
L
- L-PFRLocal processor of fiscal receipts
- L-PFR is a local processor of fiscal receipts: a device or program at the taxpayer that fiscalizes receipts on the spot, so it works even without internet.
M
- Maloprodajna maržaRetail markup
- Retail markup is the difference between the purchase price and the retail price without VAT, covering the cost of trading and the seller's gross profit.
- Matični brojCompany registration number
- The company registration number (matični broj) is an eight-digit number the Business Registers Agency assigns to a legal entity or sole trader on registration.
- Mesto prometaPlace of turnover
- Place of turnover is the address from which a fiscal receipt is issued and which is printed on the receipt; it may differ from the taxpayer's head office.
N
- Nabavna cenaPurchase price
- The purchase price is the price at which goods are bought from a supplier, without VAT; it is the basis for the calculation and the markup in retail.
- Način plaćanja
- The payment method is the field on a fiscal receipt saying how the buyer paid, chosen from a closed list of seven methods set by the Rulebook.
- NBS IPSNBS instant payments
- NBS IPS is the National Bank of Serbia's system for instant transfers in dinars: the payment reaches the recipient within seconds and runs every day of the year.
- Nefiskalni račun
- A non-fiscal receipt is a receipt issued outside an electronic fiscal device, and may only be issued by someone not liable to fiscalize that turnover.
- NivelacijaPrice change document
- A price change document (nivelacija) is issued whenever the retail price of goods on stock changes, and records the change in inventory value.
O
- Obračunski period
- The accounting or tax period is the time for which a VAT payer calculates VAT and files a return: a calendar month or a quarter.
- Obveznik fiskalizacije
- A fiscalization taxpayer is anyone who makes retail sales and must record them through an electronic fiscal device, unless their activity is exempt.
P
- Paušalac
- A flat-rate sole trader (paušalac) has income tax set as a fixed amount rather than by actual income, and keeps no business books.
- PDV obveznik
- A VAT payer is a company or sole trader in the VAT system: they charge VAT on their turnover and may deduct VAT from incoming invoices.
- PFRProcessor of fiscal receipts
- PFR is the processor of fiscal receipts: the part of an electronic fiscal device that fiscalizes a receipt, signs it and gives it a number.
- PIBTax identification number
- The tax identification number (PIB) is a taxpayer's nine-digit identifier in Serbia, assigned by the Tax Administration and printed on every fiscal receipt.
- PopisStocktake
- A stocktake compares the actual stock on hand with the accounting stock, with a signed record and posting of the difference; done at least once a year.
- Poreska oznaka
- A tax label is the letter next to an item on a fiscal receipt that shows the VAT rate at which that item is taxed.
- POS terminalPoint of Sale terminal
- A POS terminal is a device that accepts payment cards; it can be physical (a bank device) or software-based (SoftPOS on the taxpayer's phone).
- Poslovni prostorBusiness premises
- Business premises are the physical space where a taxpayer makes retail sales and from which the Law requires fiscalization with a dedicated processor.
- Poziv na broj
- The payment reference (poziv na broj) is the tag on a payment order by which the recipient recognises what was paid, usually the invoice or pro forma number.
- Predračun
- A pro forma invoice is a document with the amount the buyer should pay, issued before the sale happens; it does not record a sale by itself.
- Promet na malo
- Retail turnover (promet na malo) is the sale of goods and services to private individuals, and any sale in a retail outlet, even when the buyer is a company.
Q
- QR kod na računu
- The QR code on a fiscal receipt is a link to the Tax Administration through which anyone can check that the receipt is genuinely recorded.
R
- Račun obuka
- A training receipt is a fiscal document marked OBUKA, used to train cashiers and test the register, through which no sale is recorded.
- Radna jedinicaBusiness unit
- A business unit is a registered point of sale within a company, with its own identifier at the Tax Administration and its own certificate for fiscalization.
- Refundacija
- A refund is a fiscal receipt that returns all or part of an amount from an earlier receipt, and always refers to that receipt's number.
S
- SEFSystem of electronic invoices
- SEF is the Ministry of Finance's system of electronic invoices, through which companies in Serbia send, receive and accept e-invoices.
- SEF status porukeSEF status messages
- SEF status is the state of an incoming or outgoing e-invoice in the System of electronic invoices: created, sent, accepted, rejected or cancelled.
- Storno
- A cancellation (storno) voids a receipt issued in error, in full, by issuing a refund that refers to the original.
- SUFFiscalization management system
- SUF is the Tax Administration's fiscalization management system: the central system that receives fiscal receipts and where the V-PFR processor runs.
Š
- Šifra artiklaInternal item code
- An internal item code is a taxpayer's own product identifier in the register; it differs from GTIN and may be assigned freely under the company's own rules.
T
- TaksimetarTaximeter
- A taximeter is a device that measures distance and price in a taxi; the data from it goes onto a receipt under the Regulation on taxi transport.
- TaxCore
- TaxCore is the Serbian Tax Administration's system for electronic fiscalization: it receives data from cash registers, issues certificates and records receipts.
U
- Uput na uplatuPayment instruction
- A payment instruction is a note to the buyer with the payment purpose, the recipient's account and a payment reference, placed on a pro forma invoice or invoice.
V
- V-PFRVirtual processor of fiscal receipts
- V-PFR is the Tax Administration's virtual processor of fiscal receipts: an online service that fiscalizes a receipt and returns its signature, counter and QR code.
Z
- Zakon o fiskalizacijiLaw on Fiscalization
- The Law on Fiscalization is the umbrella act that governs who is a fiscalization taxpayer, how fiscal receipts are issued and what devices they may use.
These are the Serbian terms your accountant and the Tax Administration use. For the full rules in plain English, read the fiscalization guide, or see the FAQ.
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