30 terms
Fiscalization glossary
The terms you meet when you open a cash register, issue a receipt or invoice a company, each explained in one sentence. The Serbian terms are kept as you will hear them from your accountant and the Tax Administration. Not sure whether you need a cash register at all? Check the fiscalization guide.
A
- Avansni račun
- An advance invoice is a fiscal receipt issued when the buyer pays in advance, before the goods are delivered or the service is provided.
B
- B2B i B2C
- B2B is a company selling to another company, and B2C a company selling to a private individual; this decides whether you issue a fiscal receipt, an invoice or an e-invoice.
- Bezbednosni elementSecurity element
- The security element is the digital certificate or smart card the Tax Administration issues to a taxpayer for business premises, so they can fiscalize receipts.
E
- E-faktura
- An e-invoice is an invoice in electronic form, issued, sent and received through the System of electronic invoices (SEF) instead of on paper or as a PDF.
- E-otpremnica
- An e-dispatch note is a delivery note in electronic form: a document that accompanies goods from seller to buyer and is recorded electronically, not on paper.
- ESIRElectronic system for issuing receipts
- ESIR is the electronic system for issuing receipts: the software a seller uses to issue fiscal receipts, and which the Tax Administration must approve.
F
- Fiskalni račun
- A fiscal receipt is a receipt issued through an electronic fiscal device, signed by the processor and recorded with the Tax Administration.
I
- IPS QR
- IPS QR is a QR code for instant payment under the National Bank of Serbia standard: the buyer scans it in their bank app and pays without retyping details.
- Izuzete delatnosti
- Exempt activities are activities for which the Regulation states that retail turnover is not recorded through an electronic fiscal device.
K
- Kopija računa
- A receipt copy is a fiscal document marked KOPIJA that repeats an already issued receipt and does not represent a new sale.
- KPO knjigaLedger of turnover achieved
- The KPO ledger is the record of turnover kept by flat-rate taxpayers, in which a paušalac enters income from selling products and services.
L
- L-PFRLocal processor of fiscal receipts
- L-PFR is a local processor of fiscal receipts: a device or program at the taxpayer that fiscalizes receipts on the spot, so it works even without internet.
N
- Način plaćanja
- The payment method is the field on a fiscal receipt saying how the buyer paid, chosen from a closed list of seven methods set by the Rulebook.
- Nefiskalni račun
- A non-fiscal receipt is a receipt issued outside an electronic fiscal device, and may only be issued by someone not liable to fiscalize that turnover.
O
- Obračunski period
- The accounting or tax period is the time for which a VAT payer calculates VAT and files a return: a calendar month or a quarter.
- Obveznik fiskalizacije
- A fiscalization taxpayer is anyone who makes retail sales and must record them through an electronic fiscal device, unless their activity is exempt.
P
- Paušalac
- A flat-rate sole trader (paušalac) has income tax set as a fixed amount rather than by actual income, and keeps no business books.
- PDV obveznik
- A VAT payer is a company or sole trader in the VAT system: they charge VAT on their turnover and may deduct VAT from incoming invoices.
- PFRProcessor of fiscal receipts
- PFR is the processor of fiscal receipts: the part of an electronic fiscal device that fiscalizes a receipt, signs it and gives it a number.
- Poreska oznaka
- A tax label is the letter next to an item on a fiscal receipt that shows the VAT rate at which that item is taxed.
- Poziv na broj
- The payment reference (poziv na broj) is the tag on a payment order by which the recipient recognises what was paid, usually the invoice or pro forma number.
- Predračun
- A pro forma invoice is a document with the amount the buyer should pay, issued before the sale happens; it does not record a sale by itself.
- Promet na malo
- Retail turnover (promet na malo) is the sale of goods and services to private individuals, and any sale in a retail outlet, even when the buyer is a company.
Q
- QR kod na računu
- The QR code on a fiscal receipt is a link to the Tax Administration through which anyone can check that the receipt is genuinely recorded.
R
- Račun obuka
- A training receipt is a fiscal document marked OBUKA, used to train cashiers and test the register, through which no sale is recorded.
- Refundacija
- A refund is a fiscal receipt that returns all or part of an amount from an earlier receipt, and always refers to that receipt's number.
S
- SEFSystem of electronic invoices
- SEF is the Ministry of Finance's system of electronic invoices, through which companies in Serbia send, receive and accept e-invoices.
- Storno
- A cancellation (storno) voids a receipt issued in error, in full, by issuing a refund that refers to the original.
- SUFFiscalization management system
- SUF is the Tax Administration's fiscalization management system: the central system that receives fiscal receipts and where the V-PFR processor runs.
V
- V-PFRVirtual processor of fiscal receipts
- V-PFR is the Tax Administration's virtual processor of fiscal receipts: an online service that fiscalizes a receipt and returns its signature, counter and QR code.
These are the Serbian terms your accountant and the Tax Administration use. For the full rules in plain English, read the fiscalization guide, or see the FAQ.
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